The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Pdf on jan 1, 2000, patricia diez and others published ageniaspis citricola hymenoptera. Ladybeetles and lacewings for asian citrus psyllidfocused. All stages of the parasitoid develop within the citrus leafminer host. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. It has performed exceptionally well as a natural enemy given the correct climatic conditions, ie. Natural mortality factors acting on citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis.
Distribution and abundance of ageniaspis citricola, a parasite of the citrus leafminer in florida. Two exotic parasitoids, ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya hymenoptera, encyrtidae and. Pdf parasitoids of phyllocnistis citrella in jaguariuna. Ageniaspis citricola agencioverview eppo global database. The encyrtid wasp, ageniaspis citricola, is a specific parasite and will be imported. Based on the success of that introduction, ageniaspis citricola was imported into florida from australia in 1994 upon discovery of the citrus leafminer. Ageniaspis citricola was introduced into queensland, australia from thailand in 1991 to control the citrus leafminer. Importation, host specificity testing, rearing and release of three. Encyrtidae, a specific parasitoid on phyllocnistis cittrella lepidoptera.
Pdf discovery of the male of ageniaspis citricola hymenoptera. Encyrtidae for biological control of phyllocnistis citrella lepidoptera. Phyllocnistinae 2 description adults of the clm figure 2 are minute moths with a 4 mm wingspread. Citrus leafminer parasitoid, ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya insecta. Trees of one of these orchards were completely free from insecticidal sprayings and were maintained as monoculture. Eulophidae, introduced into tunisia for the biological control of phyllocnistis citrella.
They have white and silvery iridescent scales on the forewings, with several black and tan markings, plus a black spot on each wingtip. Effect of neem on phyllocnistis citrella stainton and. Impact of natural control agents of the citrus leafminer phyllocnistis. To enhance endemic parasitism of phyllocnistis citrella staiton, 700 specimens of ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya were imported from peru and released at instivoc farm, yaracuy state, in 1998. Classical biological control of citrus pests in florida. Further details may be available for individual references in the distribution table details section which can be. Understanding flush cycles for citrus leafminer management. Citrus leafminer parasitoid, ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya edis. This is consistent with what is currently known about the origin of the established ageniaspis population in florida alvarez 2000.
Ageniaspis citricola can be requested and obtained for free from the florida department of agriculture and consumer services fdacs. Establishment and dispersal of the parasitoids ageniaspis. The citrus leafminer only infests young flushing foliage and lays its eggs on upper and lower surfaces of leaves less than half an inch in length. We gratefully acknowledge staff members of the hdoa plant pest control branch for providing information or technical support for this flyer.
Virgin females produce only male offspring, indicating that this species is arrhenotokous. Slight differences in the life cycle and behavior of two colonies of the encyrtid endoparasitoid ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya obtained from australia and taiwan were observed in quarantine facilities in florida and led to a survey of genetic. It rapidly established and spread throughout florida. Parasitoids of phyllocnistis citrella in jaguariuna, state of sao paulo, brazil, before and after the introduction of ageniaspis citricola. Citrus leafminer in dooryard citrus gardening in the. The relative toxicity of pesticides to phyllocnistis citrella and its parasitoid ageniaspis citricola was compared by several bioassay methods. Field evaluation of integrated pest managementcompatible. Encyrtidae was introduced into brazil, comming from usa. Encyrtidae from different geographic areas australia and. Pdf establishment and dispersal of the parasitoids.
In order to optimize rearing of ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya. The two populations cannot be distinguished morphologically, and taxonomic specialists identified both as ageniaspis citricola. Gracillariidae in florida created date 20160807122114z. It can now also be found in other parts, such as florida, where it was first found in 2000.
The taxonomic level at which specific genes or nucleotide regions are useful varies across taxa. Pdf toxicity of insecticides to the citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis. Encyrtidae suggest that a cryptic species may exist. Pdf a programme for the biological control of the citrus leafminer phyllocnistis citrella stainton. Citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis citrella stainton insecta. Similarly, abundance of tamarixia, ladybeetles and lacewings had decreased from earlier estimates, possibly. Parasitoid of the citrus leafminer, semielacher petiolatus. Virgin females produce only male offspr we use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. Ageniaspis wikispecies wikispecies, free species directory. Cyrtophora citricola, also known as the tropical tentweb spider, is an araneid spider that occurs in the warmer parts of europe, asia and africa, but also australia, costa rica, hispaniola and colombia.
Two exotic parasitoids, ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya hymenoptera, encyrtidae and semielacher petiolatus girault hymenoptera, eulophidae. However, based on laboratory and field tests conducted in florida on ageniaspis citricola, a parasitoid of the citrus leafminer phyllocnistis citrella stainton, oil and copper kocide are ipmcompatible, meaning that a. Download fulltext pdf ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya. Because it is a specialized parasitoid of the citrus leafminer larval stage, it should be released only when mines start to become visible on flush. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Article pdf available december 1995 with 106 reads. Abstract three parasitoids of citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis citrella, ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya, citrostichus phyllocnistoides narayanan and. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Parasitoid of the citrus leafminer, semielacher petiolatus girault insecta. The dominant parasitoids, native cirrospilus neotropicus and introduced ageniaspis citricola, showed different seasonal trends. Ageniaspis citricola loginovskaya and cirrospilus ingenuus gahan were introduced from australia into florida in 1994 and, after evaluation in quarantine, were released hoy and nguyen 1997.
Semielacher petiolatus and chromatomyia phyllocnistoides were found parasitizing native hosts at a low rate, compared with the whole number of parasitoids 564 obtained during the project massa et al. Genomic analyses of two populations of ageniaspis citricola hymenoptera. After being parasitized, the citrus leafminer will continue to feed and develop in leaf mines, going on to form a pupal chamber at the end of. Citrus leafminer and parasites 309 quent evaluation involved a random collection of up to 140 older leaves per site at various times after release.
In 2000 the parasitoid was detected in six localities of yaracuy parazitizing 37. A clm parasitoid, ageniaspis citricola hymenoptera. Ageniaspis, citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis, citrus. Ageniaspis citricola logvinoskaya, reared from the citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis citrella stainton, is described and. Parasitized leafminer larvae of all life stages were dissected to observe embryonic development. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. General information about ageniaspis citricola agenci eppo global database. Ageniaspis citricola is a hostspecific, koinobiont not especially harmful to their host until they mature, endoparasitoid of citrus leafminer eggs and early instar larvae. Ageniaspis citricola is now established on all the major islands and has provided good control of clm. This study assesses the relative phylogenetic usefulness of a segment of a noncoding ribosomal region its2 in separating populations of the parasitoid ageniaspis citricola hymenoptera. Pdf genomic analyses of two populations of ageniaspis. A parasitic wasp, ageniaspis citricola was introduced into florida and has become established. Ageniaspis citricola pupae are small, elliptical, and linked together in chains of approximately two to eight pupae.
Two ageniaspis populations one from australia and one from taiwan were introduced into florida between 1994 and 1996 as part of a classical biological control project against the citrus leafminer hoy and nguyen, 1997. But during the survey period in july 1998, ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya hymenoptera. Antennae are clubbed, 7segmented and yellowishbrown in color, with a darker scape and pedicel. The parasitic wasp attacks the immature stages of citrus leafminer. Potentially selective and integrated pest management ipmcompatible pesticides for the citrus leafminer phyllocnistis citrella stainton and its parasitoid ageniaspis citricola logvinovskaya were compared under nursery field conditions at gainesville, fl. Approximately 3000 pupae were hand carried from australia into quarantine. The citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis citrella gracillariidae, is among the main pests of citrus in brazil. Because it is a specialized parasitoid of the clm larval stage, it should be released only when mines start to become visible during a flush. Encyrtidae and semielacher petiolatus girault hymenoptera. Ageniaspis citricola has all the attributes of a highly effective natural enemy. Bioline international official site site updated regularly. Pdf the male of ageniaspis citricola logvinoskaya, reared from the citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis citrella stainton, is described and figured.
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